Shown that new inhibitors will likely need to be discovered in order to slow and eventually eradicate the pandemic. We attempted to provide a brief overview of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its control through the use of safe, natural active substances in order to enhance comprehension of the COVID-19 pathway. There is a dearth of information on the potential use of stable medication docking to viral illness management. There are currently no COVID-19 vaccinations or efficient medications on the market. Notwithstanding the significant rise in deaths at older ages among patients with diabetes and hypertension, scientists worldwide are still searching for a viable solution for COVID-19. Recently molecular docking was used to designing drugs and reduce the time and cost to give a result near from clinical trials on patients. It was widely known in the early stages of the pandemic that individuals with severe COVID-19 infections had marked immunological dysregulation, including lymphopenia and elevated expression of inflammatory mediators. T-cell activation is elevated in patients with severe acute COVID-19 infection, and T-cell fatigue follows. This significant and long-lasting decline in functional T-cells occurred after the acute infection. Numerous research have shown that reduced levels of antioxidants in the serum are linked to worse results, the majority of cases linked antioxidant deficiency to high inflammatory factors, high mortality, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac injury, acute kidney injury, thrombosis, and the need for mechanical ventilation (MV). It appears that patients with COVID-19 may benefit from higher antioxidant levels to stop the disease from progressing.
coronavirus, angiotensin converting enzyme, glycyrrhizin, molecular docking
Bhagat, S., Yadav, N., Shah, J., Dave, H., Swaraj, S., Tripathi, S., & Singh, S. (2022). Novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic: current status and possible strategies for detection and treatment of the disease. Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy, 20(10), 1275-1298.
Cao, J. F., Gong, Y., Wu, M., Yang, X., Xiong, L., Chen, S., ... & Zhang, X. (2022). Exploring the mechanism of action of licorice in the treatment of COVID-19 through bioinformatics analysis and molecular dynamics simulation. Frontiers in pharmacology, 13, 1003310.
Chen, H., & Du, Q. (2020). Potential natural compounds for preventing SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) infection. Preprints.
Choudhry, N., Zhao, X., Xu, D., Zanin, M., Chen, W., Yang, Z., & Chen, J. (2020). Chinese therapeutic strategy for fighting COVID-19 and potential small-molecule inhibitors against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Journal of medicinal chemistry, 63(22), 13205-13227.
Cinatl, J., Morgenstern, B., Bauer, G., Chandra, P., Rabenau, H. & Doerr, H. 2003. Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. The Lancet, 361, 2045-2046.
Diomede, L., Beeg, M., Gamba, A., Fumagalli, O., Gobbi, M. & Salmona, M. 2021. Can antiviral activity of licorice help fight COVID-19 infection? Biomolecules, 11, 855.
Gomaa, A. A. & Abdel-Wadood, Y. A. 2021. The potential of glycyrrhizin and licorice extract in combating COVID-19 and associated conditions. Phytomedicine plus, 1, 100043.
Huan, C., Xu, Y., Zhang, W., Guo, T., Pan, H. & Gao, S. 2021. Research progress on the antiviral activity of glycyrrhizin and its derivatives in liquorice. Frontiers in pharmacology, 12, 680674.
Kaur, U., Fatima, Z., Maheshwari, K., Sahni, V., Dehade, A., Kl, A., Yadav, A. K., Kansal, S., Jaisawal, V. & Chakrabarti, S. S. 2023. Long-term safety analysis of the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 corona virus vaccine: results from a prospective observational study in priority vaccinated groups in North India. Drug safety, 46, 553-563.
Letko, M., Marzi, A. & Munster, V. 2020. Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses. Nature microbiology, 5, 562-569.
Liao, Q., Chen, J., Zhou, L., Wei, T., Zhang, L., Chen, D., Huang, F., Pang, Q. & Zhang, J. Z. 2020. Bandgap Engineering of Lead-Free Double Perovskite Cs2AgInCl6 Nanocrystals via Cu2+-Doping. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 11, 8392-8398.
Lima, E., Sousa, C., Meneses, L., Ximenes, N., Júnior, s., Vasconcelos, G., Lima, N., Patrocínio, M., Macedo, D. & Vasconcelos, S. 2015. Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 48, 953-964.
Lin, C. H., Chang, H. J., Lin, M. W., Yang, X. R., Lee, C. H., & Lin, C. S. (2024). Inhibitory Efficacy of Main Components of Scutellaria baicalensis on the Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(5), 2935.
Metz, C., Schmid, A. & Veldhoen, S. 2024. Increase in complicated upper respiratory tract infection in children during the 2022/2023 winter season—a post coronavirus disease 2019 effect? Pediatric Radiology, 54, 49-57.
Murck, H. 2020. Symptomatic protective action of glycyrrhizin (licorice) in COVID-19 infection? Frontiers in immunology, 11, 1239.
Ng, S. L., Khaw, K. Y., Ong, Y. S., Goh, H. P., Kifli, N., Teh, S. P., ... & Goh, B. H. (2021). Licorice: a potential herb in overcoming SARS-CoV-2 infections. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, 26, 2515690X21996662.
Organization, W. H. 2020. COVID-19 and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and receptor blockers: scientific brief, 7 May 2020. World Health Organization.
Parva, N., Omid, s., Sadegh, A. J., Mohammad, H. A. & Mehrdad, K. 2022. Antiviral Activity of Medicinal Plants against Human Coronavirus: a systematic scoping review of in vitro and in vivo experimentations. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 42, 332.
Randeepraj, V. R. V., Madhuri, K. M. K., Jogi, P. J. P., Gujju, E. G. E., Sanaboina, A. S. A. & Bolem, O. B. O. 2020. Herbs/traditional medicines used in covid-19. International Journal of Indigenous Herbs and Drugs, 31-36.
Shu, Y. & Mccauley, J. 2017. GISAID: Global initiative on sharing all influenza data–from vision to reality. Eurosurveillance, 22, 30494.
Singhal, T. 2020. A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The indian journal of pediatrics, 87, 281-286.
Wang, Y., Liu, X. J., Chen, J. B., Cao, J. P., Li, X., & Sun, C. D. (2022). Citrus flavonoids and their antioxidant evaluation. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(14), 3833-3854.
Xu, X., Chen, P., Wang, J., Feng, J., Zhou, H., Li, X., ... & Hao, P. (2020). Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission. Science China Life Sciences, 63, 457-460.
Yang, Y., Xiao, Z., Ye, K., He, X., Sun, B., Qin, Z., ... & Zhao, W. (2020). SARS-CoV-2: characteristics and current advances in research. Virology journal, 17, 1-17.
Zhang, Q. H., Huang, H. Z., Qiu, M., Wu, Z. F., Xin, Z. C., Cai, X. F., ... & Han, L. (2021). Traditional uses, pharmacological effects, and molecular mechanisms of licorice in potential therapy of COVID-19. Frontiers in pharmacology, 12, 719758.
Zhang, Z., Zhang, L., Sun, C., Kong, F., Wang, J., Xin, Q., ... & Luan, Y. (2017). Baicalin attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension through bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway. Oncotarget, 8(38), 63430.
Zhou, P., Yang, X. L., Wang, X. G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., ... & Shi, Z. L. (2020). Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin. BioRxiv, 2020-01.
